Newcastle Disease (ND) Management: Advanced Biosecurity and Vaccination Strategies for Poultry Farmers
Introduction One of the most devastating diseases affecting the poultry industry worldwide in terms of loss due to the virulent strains of Avian Orthoavulavirus-1 , formerly known as Paramyxovirus-1 , is Newcastle Disease (ND). In countries such as Pakistan, the disease is known as " Rani Khet ." Outbreaks of ND can result in as much as 100% mortality in non-immunized flocks. As a DVM professional, it is important for me to understand the nuances of the strategic prevention of this disease. Clinical Manifestations (Pathogenesis) ND has different clinical presentations depending on the type of tropism associated with the virus, which could be either Viscerotropic or Neurotropic . clinical signs associated with ND are: Respiratory Distress: Open-mouth breathing, gasping, and rales. Neurological Impairment: Twisted necks ( Torticollis ), paralysis of wings or legs, and circling. Gastrointestinal Signs: Profuse, bright greenish watery diarrhea. Production Drop: A sharp drop i...